Jamaica/Hollis Neighborhood Profile

Neighborhood Indicators

Demographics

Indicator	2000	2006	2010	2019	2021
Population
Born in New York State		47.9%	46.2%	46.9%	48.5%
Disabled population			8.6%	6.8%	8.3%
Foreign-born population	34.2%	40.8%	42.3%	45.1%	45.3%
Population	218,993	216,115	222,074	241,275	270,688
Population aged 65+	11.3%	11.3%	11.2%	15.1%	14.6%
Households
Households with children under 18 years old	44.9%	42.3%	42.0%	36.9%	36.6%
Single-person households		23.7%	21.1%	22.2%	21.7%
Race and Ethnicity
Percent Asian	4.7%	10.4%	9.2%	14.2%	16.2%
Percent Black	72.7%	69.1%	62.5%	58.6%	55.2%
Percent Hispanic	13.6%	13.6%	21.4%	18.0%	15.9%
Percent white	2.1%	1.8%	1.6%	2.3%	1.4%
Racial diversity index	0.45	0.49	0.55	0.60	0.64
Income and Poverty
Income diversity ratio		3.8	4.4	4.5	5.0
Median household income (2022$)	$69,390	$68,720	$64,080	$73,300	$72,870
Median household income, homeowners (2022$)		$87,060	$92,940	$101,030	$101,360
Median household income, renters (2022$)		$51,090	$45,810	$53,780	$51,170
Poverty rate	17.0%	10.1%	18.8%	10.6%	15.2%
Poverty rate, population aged 65+		11.9%	17.0%	11.4%	12.6%
Poverty rate, population under 18 years old		13.0%	28.2%	13.2%	17.9%
Labor Market
Labor force participation rate		65.7%	65.2%	64.2%	60.2%
Population aged 25+ without a high school diploma		22.6%	21.1%	17.0%	18.1%
Unemployment rate	10.87%	9.94%	15.49%	6.63%	14.83%

Housing Market and Conditions

Indicator	2000	2006	2010	2019	2021	2022
Housing Stock
Homeownership rate	50.6%	55.7%	46.3%	50.5%	51.8%
Housing units		72,466	76,142	80,826	82,291
Rental vacancy rate			4.2%	2.6%	2.7%
Serious housing code violations (per 1,000 privately owned rental units)		52.0	67.0	54.1	64.7	87.1
Severe crowding rate (% of renter households)			4.4%	5.9%	5.6%
Total housing code violations (per 1,000 privately owned rental units)		245.5	272.0	200.9	262.6	312.4
Finance - Distress
Notices of foreclosure rate (per 1,000 1-4 family and condo properties)	23.0	33.9	41.3	23.7	10.7	12.6
Notices of foreclosure, all residential properties	818	1,227	1,519	876	397	461
Notices of foreclosure, initial, 1-4 family and condo properties	618	993	1,096	380	114	186
Notices of foreclosure, repeat, 1-4 family and condo properties	173	215	396	477	274	271
Pre-foreclosure notice rate (per 1,000 1-4 family and condo properties)				121.7	48.3	107.4
Pre-foreclosure notices, 1-4 family and condo properties				4,410	1,755	3,903
Properties entering REO, 1-4 family	177	48	213
Finance - Lending
FHA/VA-backed home purchase loans (% of home purchase loans)		1.1%	84.7%	46.2%	45.4%
Higher-cost home purchase loans (% of home purchase loans)		59.8%	3.0%	19.5%	9.2%
Higher-cost refinance loans (% of refinance loans)		44.9%	6.7%	4.7%	1.1%
Home purchase loan rate (per 1,000 properties)		65.9	20.4	24.4	24.2
Home purchase loans in LMI tracts (% of home purchase loans)		25.9%	16.1%	14.2%	14.7%
Home purchase loans to LMI borrowers (% of home purchase loans)		2.0%	25.0%	10.8%	11.4%
Refinance loan rate (per 1,000 properties)		107.8	11.0	24.4	49.6
Sales - Volume
Sales volume, 1 family building	1,019	2,160	925	803	668	819
Sales volume, 2-4 family building	502	1,307	677	430	320	429
Sales volume, 5+ family building	3	16	10	11	6	3
Sales volume, condominium	1	5	17	7	7	7
Sales volume, all property types	1,525	3,488	1,629	1,251	1,001	1,258
Sales - Median Prices
Median sales price per unit, 1 family building (2022$)	$305,890	$563,280	$361,500	$558,120	$636,620	$620,000
Median sales price per unit, 2-4 family building (2022$)	$184,980	$390,270	$231,770	$370,720	$422,820	$385,000
Median sales price per unit, 5+ family building (2022$)	$87,800	$137,500	$107,060	$148,660	$127,650	$210,000
Median sales price per unit, condominium (2022$)	$140,200	$290,470	$352,590	$325,010	$363,930	$310,000
Sales - Housing Price Index
Index of housing price appreciation, 1 family building	100.0	222.3	142.8	255.6	312.1	313.7
Index of housing price appreciation, 2-4 family building	100.0	236.1	140.9	251.7	319.9	296.3
Index of housing price appreciation, 5+ family building	100.0	208.5	161.8	205.1	396.3
Index of housing price appreciation, condominium	100.0	308.6	300.9	394.7	336.0	503.6
Index of housing price appreciation, all property types	100.0	226.6	141.8	251.9	314.1	307.2
Subsidized Housing
Total number of subsidized properties (properties)						98
HUD Financing or Insurance (properties)						7
HUD Financing or Insurance (units)						992
HUD Project-based Rental Assistance Program (properties)						6
HUD Project-based Rental Assistance Program (units)						768
Low Income Housing Tax Credit (properties)						21
Low Income Housing Tax Credit (units)						2,811
Public Housing (properties)						12
Public Housing (units)						2,529
Mitchell-Lama (properties)						2
Mitchell-Lama (units)						6,075
421-a Tax Exemption (properties)						38
421-a Tax Exemption (units)						1,449
420-c Tax Exemption (properties)						15
420-c Tax Exemption (units)						1,090
NYC Housing Production Programs and Zoning Incentives or Requirements (properties)						29
Eligible to expire from housing programs between 2023 and 2028 (properties)						3
Eligible to expire from housing programs between 2023 and 2028 (units)						425
Eligible to expire from housing programs between 2029 and 2038 (properties)						2
Eligible to expire from housing programs between 2029 and 2038 (units)						6,127
Eligible to expire from housing programs in 2039 and later (properties)						21
Eligible to expire from housing programs in 2039 and later (units)						2,839

Land Use and Development

Indicator	2000	2006	2010	2019	2021	2022
Density
Population density (1,000 persons per square mile)		23.2	23.9	25.9	29.1
Development
Units authorized by new residential building permits	218	0	47	603	1,240	2,697
Units issued new certificates of occupancy	250	689	687	337	954	1,224

Neighborhood Services and Conditions

Indicator	2000	2006	2010	2019	2021	2022
Commute
Car-free commute (% of commuters)	53.2%	55.9%	54.7%	53.2%	48.6%
Mean travel time to work (minutes)	49.3	48.8	47.5	48.4	45.9
Crime and Incarceration
Serious crime rate (per 1,000 residents)		17.2	16.6	12.4	11.6	13.2
Serious crime rate, property (per 1,000 residents)		11.1	9.6	6.5	6.0	7.2
Serious crime rate, violent (per 1,000 residents)		6.1	7.0	5.9	5.6	6.0
Schools
Students performing at grade level in English language arts, 4th grade				44.4%		35.5%
Students performing at grade level in math, 4th grade				37.2%		30.1%

Renters

Indicator	2000	2006	2010	2019	2021	2022
Median Rent
Median rent, 2- and 3-bedrooms (2022$)			$1,520	$1,590	$1,760
Median rent, all (2022$)	$1,190	$1,310	$1,420	$1,500	$1,590
Median rent, recent movers (2022$)			$1,560	$1,630	$1,860
Median rent, studios and 1-bedrooms (2022$)			$1,100	$1,230	$1,260
Change in collected rent (2019-2020)					3.1%
Affordability
Rental units affordable at 30% AMI (% of recently available units)			6.8%	7.5%	9.5%
Rental units affordable at 80% AMI (% of recently available units)			66.7%	79.8%	75.6%
Rental units affordable at 120% AMI (% of recently available units)			98.7%	99.4%	100.0%
Rent Burden
Moderately rent-burdened households		26.8%	22.4%	25.9%	26.9%
Moderately rent-burdened households, low income			31.5%	32.0%	31.3%
Moderately rent-burdened households, moderate income			11.2%	6.5%	12.2%
Severely rent-burdened households	23.1%		30.9%	28.6%	30.6%
Severely rent-burdened households, low income			43.7%	40.0%	42.3%
Severely rent-burdened households, moderate income			1.2%	0.0%	0.6%
Rental Subsidy
Housing choice vouchers (% of occupied, privately owned rental units)			6.0%	3.4%
Public housing (% of rental units)						4.8%

DEMOGRAPHICS

In 2021, there were an estimated 270,688 people in Jamaica/Hollis, of which 16.2% identified as Asian, 55.2% identified as Black, 15.9% identified as Hispanic, and 1.4% identified as white.

Graph showing the racial and ethnic composition of Jamaica/Hollis in both 2000 and 2017-2021.

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In 2021, the household income group with the largest share (30.7%) of households was $100,001 - $250,000. In 2000, the same household income group had the largest share as well, with a slightly lower share of 28.8%.

Graph showing the distribution of household income in Jamaica/Hollis in both 2000 and 2017-2021.

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Median household income in 2021 was $72,870, about 1% more than citywide median household income ($72,150). The poverty rate in Jamaica/Hollis was 15.2% in 2021 compared to 18.0% citywide.

The poverty rate in Jamaica/Hollis was 15.2% in 2021 compared to 18.0% citywide.

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The rent distribution shows the share of apartments by their size (according to the number of bedrooms), and then for each apartment size in the community district, the share of apartments according to their monthly gross rent. This distribution compares 5-year ACS figures from 2010 to 5-year ACS figures from 2021.

Graph showing the distribution of rents in Jamaica/Hollis in both 2010 and 2017-2021.

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HOUSING

Renters

Real median gross rent in Jamaica/Hollis increased from $1,310 in 2006 to $1,590 in 2021. This represents a 21.4% increase over the same period. As of 2021, the change in median gross rent outpaced the change in median household income by 21.2 percentage points. In 2021, 30.6% of renter households in Jamaica/Hollis were severely rent burdened (spent more than 50% of household income on rent). 75.6% of the rental units were affordable at 80% Area Median Income, 9 percentage points higher than the share in 2010. 4.8% of the rental units were public housing rental units, as of 2022. The overall rental vacancy rate in Jamaica/Hollis was 2.7% in 2021.

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Graph showing the change in real median gross rent and median renter household income in Jamaica/Hollis from 2006 to 2021.

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4.8% of the rental units in Jamaica/Hollis are public housing rental units in 2022.

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Homeowners

In 2021, the homeownership rate in Jamaica/Hollis was 51.8%, which is higher than the citywide share of 33.3%. The homeownership rate in the neighborhood has increased by 5.5 percentage points since 2010. In 2021, the home purchase loan rate was 24.2 per 1,000 properties (owner-occupied 1-4 family buildings, condominiums, or cooperative apartments) and the refinance loan rate was 49.6 per 1,000 properties in the neighborhood. Out of all the first-time home purchase loans and refinance loans in Jamaica/Hollis, 9.2% and 1.1% were high cost loans, respectively. 461 properties had a filing of mortgage foreclosure in Jamaica/Hollis in 2022. There were 12.6 mortgage foreclosure actions initiated per 1,000 1-4 family properties and condominium units.

There were 12.6 mortgage foreclosure notices per 1,000 1-4 family properties and condominium units in Jamaica/Hollis in 2022

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Development

The Department of Buildings issued new certificates of occupancy to 1,224 residential units in new buildings in Jamaica/Hollis in 2022, 270 more than the number of units certified in 2021.

Department of Buildings issued new certificates of occupancy to 1,224 residential units in new buildings in Jamaica/Hollis last year, the same as the number of units certified in 2022.

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Over the last decade, 2,763 units in 4+ unit buildings were built in Jamaica/Hollis. 21% were market rate, compared to 54% that were income-targeted. We use data from a variety of sources to count the number of income-restricted units targeted to households earning between 80% and 165% of AMI. However, due to restricted availability of granular data our calculations of income-restricted units should be read as conservative estimates. Read more about our methodology in the technical appendix of the 2021 Focus Report.

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NEIGHBORHOOD SERVICES AND CONDITIONS

The serious crime rate was 13.2 serious crimes per 1,000 residents in 2022, compared to 14.2 serious crimes per 1,000 residents citywide.

The serious crime rate was 13.2 serious crimes per 1,000 residents in 2022, compared to 14.2 serious crimes per 1,000 residents citywide.

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Data Notes: See CoreData User Guide for more information about indicator definitions and methods.

Indicators: The rental vacancy rate, severe crowding rate, and the severely rent-burdened households indicators use five-year American Community Survey (ACS) estimates. Data under the 2010 heading comes from the 2006 – 2010 ACS, data under the 2019 heading comes from the 2015 – 2019 ACS and data under the 2021 heading comes from 2017 – 2021 ACS .