Publications Tagged ‘poverty’
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Working Paper
Crime and U.S. Cities: Recent Patterns and Implications PDF
For most of the twentieth century, U.S. cities – and their high-poverty neighborhoods in particular—were viewed as dangerous, crime-ridden places that middle class, mobile (and typically white) households avoided, fueling suburbanization. While some pundits and policy analysts bemoaned this urban flight, others voiced concern over the potential impact of crime-ridden environments on the urban residents who were left behind. In the past decade or so, the media has instead highlighted the dramatic reductions in crime taking place in many large cities. In this paper we explore these crime reductions and their implications for urban environments.
Ingrid Gould Ellen & Katherine O'Regan. January 2009.
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Article
Reversal of Fortunes? Low Income Neighborhoods in the 1990s LINK
Ellen, Ingrid Gould, Katherine O'Regan. Urban Studies 45(4), 2008: 845-869. April 2008.
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Article
Immigrants and the Distribution of Resources within an Urban School District LINK
In New York City, where almost 14% of elementary school pupils are foreign-born and roughly half of these are “recent immigrants,” the impact of immigrant students on school resources may be important. While immigrant advocates worry about inequitable treatment of immigrant students, others worry that immigrants drain resources from native-born students. In this article, we explore the variation in school resources and the relationship to the representation of immigrant students. To what extent are variations in school resources explained by the presence of immigrants per se rather than by differences in student educational needs, such as poverty or language skills, or differences in other characteristics, such as race?
Schwartz, Amy Ellen and Leanna Stiefel. Educational Evaluation and Policy Analysis, 26(4), pp. 303 - 327. December 2003.
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Chapter
Do Neighborhoods Matter and Why? LINK
“Choosing a Better Life?” is the first distillation of years of research on the MTO project, the largest rigorously designed social experiment to investigate the consequences of moving low-income public housing residents to low-poverty neighborhoods. In this book, leading social scientists and policy experts examine the legislative and political foundations of the project, analyze the effects of MTO on lives of the families involved, and explore lessons learned from this important piece of U.S. social policy
Ingrid Gould Ellen & Margery Turner. Choosing A Better Life? A Social Experiment in Leaving Poverty Behind: Evaluation of the Moving to Opportunity Program (The Urban Institute Press). December 2003.
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Chapter
What Have We Learned from HUD’s Moving to Opportunity Program? LINK
“Choosing a Better Life?” is the first distillation of years of research on the MTO project, the largest rigorously designed social experiment to investigate the consequences of moving low-income public housing residents to low-poverty neighborhoods. In this book, leading social scientists and policy experts examine the legislative and political foundations of the project, analyze the effects of MTO on lives of the families involved, and explore lessons learned from this important piece of U.S. social policy
Ellen, Ingrid Gould and Margery Turner. Choosing a Better Life? A Social Experiment in Leaving Poverty Behind: Evaluation of the Moving to Opportunity Program (Urban Institute Press). May 2003.
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Working Paper
Nativity Differences in Neighborhood Quality Among New York City Households PDF
In this paper we add to the literature on locational attainment of immigrants by focusing on a broader range of neighborhood quality indicators that has been done before and by examining the foreign-born contingent of a given ethnic group separately from the native-born contingent of that group. Specifically, we evaluate in New York City how immigrant households compare to native-born households, overall and by race and ethnicity, with respect to neighborhood characteristics such as crime, health outcomes, poverty, and unsafe housing.
Rosenbaum, Emily, Samantha Friedman, Michael H. Schill and Hielke Buddelmeyer. Housing Policy Debate, Volume 10, Issue 3, Fannie Mae Foundation, (1999). November 1998.
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Article
Polarisation, Public Housing and Racial Minorities LINK
Cities in the US have become home to an increasing concentration of poor households, disproportionately composed of racial and ethnic minorities. In the US, poor and minority populations are overrepresented in public housing, mostly located in central cities. Racial and ethnic minorities in American public housing are, for the most part, composed of native-born households whereas in Europe they are more likely to be foreign-born. After a description of this concentration of poor and minority populations in public housing, we examine the effect of public housing on neighbourhood poverty rates in central cities. We construct a longitudinal database (1950-90) for four large cities-Boston, Cleveland, Detroit and Philadelphia—and examine the relationship between the location of public housing and changes in neighborhood poverty rates. We find that in each city, one or more of the variables relating to the existence of public housing is significantly related to increases in neighbourhood poverty rates in succeeding decades.
Carter, William H., Michael H. Schill, and Susan M. Wachter. Urban Studies, 35 (10), pp. 1889-1911. September 1998.