Publications Tagged ‘immigrants’
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Article
Dynamics of School Demographic Change: Immigrant Students and New York City LINK
The authors use a rich data set on New York City public elementary schools to explore how changes in immigrant representation have played out at the school level, providing a set of stylistic facts about the magnitude and nature of demographic changes in urban schools.
Ellen, Ingrid Gould, Dylan Conger, and Katherine O'Regan. Education and Urban Society. December 2008.
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Working Paper
The Utilization of Rental Housing Assistance By Immigrants in the United States and New York City
Friedman, Samantha, Michael H. Schill, and Emily Rosenbaum. Housing Policy Debate, (1999). July 2005.
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Article
Immigrants and the Distribution of Resources within an Urban School District LINK
In New York City, where almost 14% of elementary school pupils are foreign-born and roughly half of these are “recent immigrants,” the impact of immigrant students on school resources may be important. While immigrant advocates worry about inequitable treatment of immigrant students, others worry that immigrants drain resources from native-born students. In this article, we explore the variation in school resources and the relationship to the representation of immigrant students. To what extent are variations in school resources explained by the presence of immigrants per se rather than by differences in student educational needs, such as poverty or language skills, or differences in other characteristics, such as race?
Schwartz, Amy Ellen and Leanna Stiefel. Educational Evaluation and Policy Analysis, 26(4), pp. 303 - 327. December 2003.
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Article
Immigrant Children and Urban Schools: Evidence from NYC on Segregation and its Consequences LINK
For several decades, social scientists have tracked the fiscal health of American central cities with some degree of concern. Suburbanization, spawned by technological innovations, consumer preferences, and at least to some extent by government policy, has selectively pulled affluent households out of urban jurisdictions. The leaders of these jurisdictions are left with the prospect of satisfying more concentrated demands for services with a dwindling tax base, realizing that further increasing the burden they place on residents will simply drive more of them away. In the process, cities have become concentrated centers of poverty, joblessness, crime, and other social pathologies.
Ellen, Ingrid Gould, Katherine O’Regan, and Amy Ellen Schwartz. Brookings-Wharton Papers on Urban Affairs. December 2001.
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Chapter
New White Flight? The Dynamics of Neighborhood Change in the 1980s LINK
The rapid rise in immigration over the past few decades has transformed the American social landscape, while the need to understand its impact on society has led to a burgeoning research literature. Predominantly non-European and of varied cultural, social, and economic backgrounds, the new immigrants present analytic challenges that cannot be wholly met by traditional immigration studies.
Ellen, Ingrid Gould. Immigration Research for a New Century: Multidisciplinary Perspectives, pp. 423-441 (Russell Sage Foundation). January 2000.
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Working Paper
Differences in Neighborhood Conditions Among Immigrants and Native-Born Children in New York City PDF
In this paper we use a specially created data set for New York City to evaluate whether the context of children’s neighborhoods varies by their immigrant status, and, if so, whether the relationship between neighborhood context and immigrant status varies by children’s race and ethnicity. Overall, when compared to native-born children, immigrant children live in neighborhoods with higher rates of teenage fertility, and higher percentages of students in local schools scoring below grade level in math and of persons receiving AFDC, but lower rates of juvenile detention. However, further comparisons revealed that race/ethnicity is by far a more potent predictor of where children live than is immigrant status per se. Specifically, we find evidence of a hierarchy of access to advantageous neighborhoods, whereby native- and foreign-born white children have access to the most-advantaged neighborhoods while native-born black children consistently live in the least-advantaged neighborhoods, as measured by our four indicators. In between these extremes, the relative ranking of foreign-born black and native- and foreign-born Hispanic children varies, depending on the measure of the neighborhood context.
Rosenbaum, Emily, Samantha Friedman and Michael H. Schill. July 1999.
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Working Paper
Nativity Differences in Neighborhood Quality Among New York City Households PDF
In this paper we add to the literature on locational attainment of immigrants by focusing on a broader range of neighborhood quality indicators that has been done before and by examining the foreign-born contingent of a given ethnic group separately from the native-born contingent of that group. Specifically, we evaluate in New York City how immigrant households compare to native-born households, overall and by race and ethnicity, with respect to neighborhood characteristics such as crime, health outcomes, poverty, and unsafe housing.
Rosenbaum, Emily, Samantha Friedman, Michael H. Schill and Hielke Buddelmeyer. Housing Policy Debate, Volume 10, Issue 3, Fannie Mae Foundation, (1999). November 1998.
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Article
Polarisation, Public Housing and Racial Minorities LINK
Cities in the US have become home to an increasing concentration of poor households, disproportionately composed of racial and ethnic minorities. In the US, poor and minority populations are overrepresented in public housing, mostly located in central cities. Racial and ethnic minorities in American public housing are, for the most part, composed of native-born households whereas in Europe they are more likely to be foreign-born. After a description of this concentration of poor and minority populations in public housing, we examine the effect of public housing on neighbourhood poverty rates in central cities. We construct a longitudinal database (1950-90) for four large cities-Boston, Cleveland, Detroit and Philadelphia—and examine the relationship between the location of public housing and changes in neighborhood poverty rates. We find that in each city, one or more of the variables relating to the existence of public housing is significantly related to increases in neighbourhood poverty rates in succeeding decades.
Carter, William H., Michael H. Schill, and Susan M. Wachter. Urban Studies, 35 (10), pp. 1889-1911. September 1998.
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Article
The Housing Conditions of Immigrants in New York City PDF
The influx of immigrants to New York City increases the demand for housing. Because the city has one of the nation’s tightest and most complicated housing markets, immigrants may disproportionately occupy the lowest-quality housing. This article examines homeownership, affordability, crowding, and housing quality among foreign- and native-born households. Overall, foreign-born households are more likely to be renters and encounter affordability problems. Multivariate analyses reveal that foreign-born renters are more likely to live in overcrowded and unsound housing but less likely to live in badly maintained dwellings. However, compared with nativeborn white renters, immigrants—especially Puerto Ricans, Dominicans, Caribbeans, Africans, and Latin Americans—are more likely to live in badly maintained units. Because this disadvantage is shared by native-born blacks and Hispanics, it strongly suggests that race and ethnicity are more significant than immigrant status per se in determining housing conditions.
Schill, Michael H., Samantha Friedman and Emily Rosenbaum. Journal of Housing Research, 9 (2), pp. 201-235. June 1998.